Temporal trend of Acute Myocardial Infarction mortality in the elderly in Southern Brazil between 2008-2018

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the main cause of death in Brazil, accounting for approximately 20% of deaths in the population over 30 years of age, with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) standing out as an important isolated cause. This study aims to analyze the temporal trend of mortality from AMI in the elderly in southern Brazil between 2008 and 2018. This is an ecological study carried out with data from the SUS Mortality Information System. Mortality rates were calculated through the ratio between the number of deaths due to AMI and the population according to the states, sex, age group and sex. For the statistical analysis, linear regression and evaluation of the mortality trend due to AMI were performed. There was a trend towards stability in the mortality rates due to AMI in the elderly in the southern region of Brazil, with a tendency towards a reduction in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (β -1.186; p=0.001). No changes were observed in the temporal trend of AMI when analyzing genders (male and female) and in the stratification of age groups by sex, denoting a stability profile. Considering the improvements implemented by the SUS, the therapeutic evolution of CVD, and the increase in the population's life expectancy, the reduction in mortality only in a single state in the region serves as a warning for the expansion of epidemiological studies with a regional focus in the search for factors possibly associates. It emphasizes the need for analysis and preventive planning for better reception of elderly people affected by AMI.