Resistência antimicrobiana na pneumonia adquirida na comunidade: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is an important factor in the approach to Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), one of the main causes of death from infectious diseases in the world. The present literature review aims to analyze a bacterial resistance related to the main antimicrobials used for the treatment of CAP, in Primary Health Care (PHC), in the world and in Brazil. Materials and methods: The authors carried out research in the databases Pubmed/Medline, Google Scholar, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), Portal de Periódicos Capes/MEC and Research Gate, from May to June 2020. Bibliographic review: After the analysis, ten studies were included, with no results concerning Brazil. The works obtained referred to resistance in European countries (seven), the United States (two) and Malawi (one). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen in CAP. Final considerations: The results suggest the importance of establishing guidelines for the treatment of CAP according to the epidemiological profile of each region. In Brazil, specifically, the absence of studies directed to this theme explains the difficulties in the management of CAP in PHC, carried out regularly in an empirical way, making it essential to carry out investigations of the Brazilian reality.